Sociological explanations recognise that most human behaviour is learned by individuals
as members of society, rather than something with which they are born. Individuals learn
how to behave from a wide range of social institutions and this continues throughout their
lives. Sociologists use the term socialisation to describe this process of learning. While
not everyone in society will always behave in the same way, there are often strong
pressures on people to conform to the most important values. Various sanctions and
rewards exist to encourage social conformity
What is meant by the term social institution?
.A social institution is an organisational arrangement that comprises a set of norms and
patterns of behaviour relating to key parts of society, such as the law, family and education.
Two marks for a clear and accurate definition; one mark for a partial definition, such as 'an
established custom' or 'an authoritative body in society'.