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Edexcel | Physics WPH0 | W 15 4 1 | 1 hour 30 minutes

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The photograph shows the circular tunnel of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is

an underground particle accelerator. The circumference of the tunnel is 27 km.

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(a)

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4 Mark s

In the LHC, a magnetic field allows charged particles to move at a constant speed in

a horizontal circular path of the required radius.

By reference to the force acting on the charged particles, explain how this is

achieved.

(QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using

technical wording where appropriate)

Magnetic field/force is perpendicular to path/velocity /motion(of charged

particles).

(Magnetic) force / acceleration to centre (of circle) Or (magnetic) force acts

as centripetal force

See a relevant equation:

Sensible comment on variables based on r being constant

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(b)

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2 Mark s

In practice the LHC uses electric fields to accelerate the particles so that their

momentum gradually increases.

State and explain how the magnetic field in the LHC must change as the momentum

of the particles increases.

Reference to r = p/BQ

Leading to a statement that indicates that the (strength of the ) magnetic

field needs to increase (dependent mark)

16

(c) (I)

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2 Mark s

Collisions between particles in high-energy physics experiments often result in

the production of an electron-positron pair.

Calculate the minimum energy, in joules, required to produce an electron-positron

pair.

Minimum energy = J

16

(c) (II)

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3 Mark s

By converting your minimum energy into MeV, give the rest mass of the electron

Rest mass of electron =

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