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Edexcel | Physics WPH0 | S 15 4 1 | 1 hour 30 minutes
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14
(a)
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2 Mark s

State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

The induced e.m.f. (in a conductor)

Is equal/proportional to the rate of change of (magnetic) flux (linkage)

Or

ε = (−)d(NΦ) /dt with all symbols defined

14
(b)
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Vehicles such as buses may be powered by electric motors. The motors on these

buses use batteries which need to be charged often. This is normally done by

connecting to a fixed electrical supply whilst the bus is parked.

The photograph shows a bus on a road in South Korea. This road enables the

batteries to charge whilst the bus is in motion.

Under the road there are electric cables, connected to a 440V 60 Hz supply. These

generate magnetic fields. There is a coil inside the charging device which is located

below the floor of the bus. This enables the batteries on the bus to charge.

14
(b) (I)
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3 Mark s

Explain how this system works.

(QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using

technical wording where appropriate)

Cables under road produce an alternating/changing (magnetic) field

Idea of flux linkage/cutting with the coil (on the bus)

(Induced) e.m.f. → (current) → charges batteries

(there must be a link to the batteries)

14
(b) (II)
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3 Mark s

It is not necessary for the cable to be installed under the entire length of the road.

The batteries used to power these buses can be much smaller than those used in

other electric buses.

Explain why the cables do not need to be installed under the entire length of the

road and why the batteries can be smaller.

Battery charged repeatedly/often/periodically/frequently

The idea that:

The bus gains enough charge to travel the distance to next cable

Or the bus (having been charged) can travel a distance without cables

Or battery charges quickly.

Or battery charges completely over one cable section

batteries small because they don’t need to store much charge

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