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Edexcel | Physics WPH0 | S 15 4 1 | 1 hour 30 minutes
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17
(a)
Add To Classified

High energy particles used to investigate the structure of matter are produced

in particle accelerators. The diagram shows the main features of a linear

accelerator (linac).

17
(a) (I)
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2 Mark s

An electron is shown between tubes B and C.

The circles on the diagram indicate the terminals of the a.c. supply.

Indicate on the diagram their polarity when the electron is between

tubes B and C.

Explain your answer.

Top terminal positive and bottom terminal negative

(accept labels added to tubes C + and B – )

Electron is repelled from B and attracted to C

Or (electric) field acts from C to B

Or electron is repelled from – and attracted to + if the labels have

been added to the tubes.

17
(a) (II)
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1 Mark

Explain why it is necessary for the tubes to increase in length along the linac.

Electron needs to be in each tube for the same time

17
(a) (III)
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3 Mark s

The peak voltage of the a.c. supply is 250 kV.

Calculate the increase in electron kinetic energy, in joules, as the electron moves

from tube A to tube D.

Increase in kinetic energy =

17
(b)
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The Antiproton Decelerator at CERN slows down very high energy antiprotons to

produce anti-atoms such as anti-hydrogen.

The diagram is a representation of a hydrogen atom and an anti-hydrogen atom.

17
(b) (I)
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1 Mark

Use the boxes in the diagram to identify the particles in the anti-hydrogen atom.

Top box: anti-electron or positron and bottom box: anti-proton

17
(b) (II)
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2 Mark s

State one difference and one similarity between the electron and its corresponding

particle in the anti-hydrogen atom.

opposite charges

Same mass Or same amount of charge

17
(b) (III)
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1 Mark

State what would happen if a hydrogen atom collided with an anti-hydrogen

atom.

The idea that the particles will annihilate when they meet.

17
(c)
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In the early 1960s Murray Gell-Mann proposed a quark model that consisted of three

quarks. The table gives some of the properties of these quarks.

17
(c) (I)
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2 Mark s

Explain what is meant by a charge of +2/3.

2/3 charge of an electron

Positive charge Or opposite charge to electron

17
(c) (II)
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2 Mark s

State the predicted mass and charge of the ū quark.

17
(c) (III)
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3 Mark s

Calculate the mass of the sˉ quark in kg.

Mass =                   kg

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