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Edexcel | Physics WPH0 | W 17 4 1 | 1 hour 30 minutes
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15
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In 2015, scientists at CERN announced the discovery of a particle known as a pentaquark.

At this time the pentaquark structure had not been determined. It was suggested that it might be five quarks tightly bound as a single particle, or a ‘meson‑baryon molecule’.

The diagram illustrates the single particle model.

                           

15
(a)
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3 Mark s

The table shows the charges of the six types of quark.

                   

Complete the following diagram to show how the five quarks shown in the single

particle model could be arranged in a ‘meson‑baryon molecule’. The meson should have charge zero and the baryon should have charge +e.

                       

15
(b)
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3 Mark s

Calculate the mass of the pentaquark in kg.

 

 

                                                                          Mass=..........................

15
(c)
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The pentaquark was produced in the decay of a lambda‑zero particle which was

created after a collision between high energy protons.

 

15
(c) (I)
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In the experiment at CERN a lambda‑zero particle was determined to have

travelled 3.9 cm after its creation before decaying. The lambda‑zero particle

existed for 

Use these results to calculate a value of speed and comment on your answer.

15
(c) (II)
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4 Mark s

The experiment at CERN involved colliding protons.

Explain why very high energies were required for the experiment.

(QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using technical

wording where appropriate)

Any 4:

Particle creation

Mass-energy is conserved

(High energy required) to create particles with large/larger mass

because ΔE = c2 Δm and c2 is a large multiplying factor

Overcoming repulsive forces

There are (electrostatic) repulsive forces between protons

(and high energies are required) so repulsive force can be overcome

to allow protons to get close to each other

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