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Edexcel | Physics WPH0 | W 11 6 1 | 1 hour 15 minutes

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Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4

2

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A student has an air track which has two trucks, A and B, supported by a cushion of air.

He does an experiment to see whether momentum is conserved when the two trucks

collide.

2

(a)

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1 Mark

Using an air track reduces friction on the trucks. State why this is important in a

momentum conservation experiment.

Conservation of momentum only applies in there are no

(resultant) external forces

2

(b)

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2 Mark s

The student uses two light gates as shown in the diagram. Truck A carries a card of

negligible mass and length l. A light gate records the time t taken by the card to pass

through it.

Explain how you would show that the air track is horizontal before starting the

experiment.

Truck A given a (gentle) push (1)

The times shown on both timers are similar/calculated velocities are

similar (1)

OR

Put truck on track, check if it remains stationary (1)

Check in more than one position/use both trucks (1)

OR

Use spirit level (1)

Check bubble in middle/check in more than one position (1)

OR

Check height of track above bench with rule and set square (1)

At both ends (1)

[in each case second mark is consequent on first]

2

(c)

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3 Mark s

Truck B carries no card and is placed so that it is stationary between the light gates.

Truck A is set off towards truck B. As the card passes through the first gate it

records a time t1. Truck A then collides with truck B. They stick together and move

through the second gate which records the time t2.

Both trucks have the same mass. Explain why t2 = 2t1 if momentum is conserved.

2

(d)

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3 Mark s

The student records the following data for 5 separate collisions:

Use this data to discuss whether momentum can be considered to be conserved in

this experiment.

Mean ratio t2/ t1 = 2.1 (1)

Uncertainty is + 0.2 (1)

Uncertainty range includes 2.0 (1)

Alternatives for last 2 marks

Calculates % difference as 5% (1)

5% is less than the experimental uncertainty of 9.5% (1)

(Hence, yes, momentum is conserved)

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