allow mosquitoes / vectors, for Anopheles
pathogen / parasite, for Plasmodium
any four from (max 1 for list of factors without explanation)
assume in context of comparison with area Q
ref. to a suitable climate for Anopheles, e.g. tropical / subtropical / hot and humid ;
presence of Anopheles species which carry Plasmodium ;
ref. Anopheles breeding sites present / (many) water sources (suitable for breeding) ;
difficulty in controlling / lack of control, of Anopheles breeding sites ; AW, e.g. stagnant water not drained
lack of / cannot afford, spraying with, insecticide / pesticide / repellents ;
insecticide-resistant forms of Anopheles exist ;
lack of / insufficient use of, mosquito nets ;
mosquito nets not impregnated with insecticide ;
lack of, artemisinin drugs / drugs to treat disease ;
drug-resistant forms of Plasmodium exist ;
idea of Plasmodium requiring temperatures of approximately 20 °C (in vector) ;
A area P has temperature / conditions for survival of Plasmodium
ref. to difficulties in diagnosing disease (so delay / no treatment) ; e.g. lack of diagnostic tests lack of trained personnel
AVP ;;
e.g. some countries in area Q have Anopheles but control is good,
ref. to feature of Anopheles species present in area P
feed at all times during the day
feed only on humans
good host for reproduction of Plasmodium
poor education so people don’t know how to protect themselves from malaria