Phenylamine, 
, does not occur naturally, but can be prepared from benzene.
However, it cannot be prepared in the same way as aliphatic amines. These can be
prepared by simply reacting a bromoalkane with ammonia or an amine.
Many different aromatic compounds are synthesised using phenylamine as a starting
material. In 1850 the chemist Hofmann made N,N-dimethylphenylamine, 
Using this compound and another compound derived from 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid,
the indicator methyl orange can be made.
Other indicators such as methyl yellow and methyl red are also prepared using
phenylamine.
Sulfonamide drugs are also synthesised from phenylamine. They were the first
anti-bacterial agents, but some of this class of drugs, such as carbutamide, act as
anti-diabetes drugs.
Phenylamine is also the starting point for the production of many anaesthetics.
Most local anaesthetics contain an ester or amide link, and a tertiary amine group, in which
a nitrogen atom is joined to three other groups. Examples of these are shown on the
structures below. The symbol R represents an alkyl group.
Phenylamine can be prepared from benzene.
Phenylamine can be prepared from benzene.
Identify Compound A and state the reagents and conditions needed to carry
out Step 1.
